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FreeBSD® is an advanced operating system for modern server, desktop, and embedded computer platforms. FreeBSD's code base has undergone over thirty years of continuous development, improvement, and optimization. It is developed and maintained by a large team of individuals.
www.freebsd.org/

PC-BSD is a complete desktop operating system, which has been designed with the "casual" computer user in mind. It offers the stability and security that only a BSD-based operating system can bring, while at the same time providing a comfortable user experience, allowing you to get the most out of your computing time.
www.pcbsd.org/
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Debian is a free operating system (OS) for your computer. An operating system is the set of basic programs and utilities that make your computer run. Debian uses the Linux kernel (the core of an operating system), but most of the basic OS tools come from the GNU project; hence the name GNU/Linux.

The openSUSE distribution is a stable, easy to use and complete multi-purpose distribution. It is aimed for users and developers working on desktop or server. It's great for beginners, and experienced users.
www.opensuse.org/en/

Commercially sponsored Debian-derived Linux distribution that focuses on usability, and a regular release cycle.
www.ubuntu.com/

Windows Server 2008 R2 builds on the foundation of Windows Server 2008, expanding existing technology and adding new features to enable organizations to increase the reliability and flexibility of their server infrastructures. New virtualization tools, Web resources, management enhancements, and Windows 7 integration help save time, reduce costs, and provide a platform for a dynamic and efficiently managed data center.
www.microsoft.com/windowsserver2008/en/us/default.aspx

Windows Server 2008 is built from the same code base as Windows Vista; therefore, it shares much of the same architecture and functionality. Since the code base is common, it automatically comes with most of the technical, security, management and administrative features new to Windows Vista.

Unlike its predecessor, Windows Vista, which introduced a large number of new features, Windows 7 was intended to be a more focused, incremental upgrade to the Windows line, with the goal of being compatible with applications and hardware with which Windows Vista was not at the time. Includes a redesigned Windows shell with a new taskbar, referred to as the Superbar, a home networking system called HomeGroup, and performance improvements.
www.microsoft.com/windows/windows-7/

Windows Vista contains many changes and new features, including an updated graphical user interface and visual style dubbed Aero, a redesigned search function, multimedia tools including Windows DVD Maker, and redesigned networking, audio, print, and display sub-systems. Vista aims to increase the level of communication between machines on a home network, using peer-to-peer technology to simplify sharing files and media between computers and devices.
windows.microsoft.com/en-US/windows-vista/products/home

Microsoft® Hyper-V™ Server 2008 R2 is a stand-alone product that provides a reliable and optimized virtualization solution enabling organizations to improve server utilization and reduce costs. Since Hyper-V Server is a dedicated stand-alone product, which contains only the Windows Hypervisor, Windows Server driver model and virtualization components, it provides a small footprint and minimal overhead.
www.microsoft.com/hyper-v-server/en/us/default.aspx

VirtualBox is a powerful x86 and AMD64/Intel64 virtualization product for enterprise as well as home use. Not only is VirtualBox an extremely feature rich, high performance product for enterprise customers, it is also the only professional solution that is freely available as Open Source Software.
www.virtualbox.org/

VMware Virtualization Software for Desktops, Servers & Virtual Machines for Public and Private Cloud Solutions.
www.vmware.com/

Xen hypervisor: the powerful open source industry standard for virtualization.
xen.org/